黄河中游某省地表饮用水水源地重金属时空分布特征与健康风险评估

摘要：

以黄河中游某省 2018-2022年17个地级地表饮用水水源地的月度监测数据为基础,采用克里金插值法、重金属污染指数(HPI)法,内梅罗指数(NI)法和污染程度(CD)法开展重金属指标时空分布特征和污染水平分析,采用相关性分析和主成分分析(PCA)研究重金属的来源,通过蒙特卡罗模拟法对重金属进行口服摄入健康风险评估,研究结果显示,水源地重金属的平均质量浓度排序为p>p>p>p>p>p>pv>p >pmP >p>p .Fe、Mn、Pb、Mo、Co、Be、B、Sb 和 V的数据具有较高变异性(111.66%~330.68%).Fe、Mn、Be、Mo、Co、B和 Ni的平均质量浓度在该省北部的水源地(朔州市和大同市)显示出较高的水平,在中部(晋中市)的水源地最低,而 Ba的平均质量浓度在晋中市的水源地较高,As的平均质量浓度在全省的 17 个水源地基本一致.2018-2022年重金属年平均质量浓度变化幅度较小(18.64%~74.23%),HP1指数(平均值 2.14)显示,该省重金属处于极低污染水平(HPI<15).Pearson相关性分析结果显示,As与 Ba,Mo与 Pb、Co、B、Ni 和 V之间有强烈的正相关性(p<0.01,0.27~0.63),说明它们有共同或者相似的来源.PCA 结果显示,工农业和交通运输等人类活动是重金属的主要来源(28.5%),其次是地质背景(11.7%)和矿物开采活动(11.4%).口服摄人的健康风险评价结果表明,重金属没有非致癌风险和致癌风险,但 95%分位值显示,As对儿童有一定的致癌风险(1.09X10-').同时,在极端条件下 As、Co、Mo、Sb 和 V对成人(0.02%~0.25%)和儿童(0.51%~5.60%)有低水平的致癌风险,需要对 As、Mo.Sb、V、Co 重点关注.

Based on the monthly monitoring data of 17 prefecture-level surface drinking water sources in one province in the middle reaches of the Yellow River from 2018 to 2022, the Kriging interpolation, heavy metal pollution index(HPI),Nemero index(Nl), and degree of pollution(CD) were used to carry out the analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the heavy metal indicators and the pollution level, and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) were used to study the heavy metal sources, and oral intake heath risk assessment of heavy metals by Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that the average concentrations of heavy metals in the water sources were ranked as ρBa>ρB>

ρFe>ρMn>ρMo>ρNi>ρV >ρCo>ρPb>ρAs>ρSb>ρBe.The data of Fe, Mn, Pb, Mo, Co, Be, B, Sb, and V had high variability(111.66%-330.68%).The mean concentrations of Fe, Mn, Be, Mo, Co, B and Ni showed higher levels in the water sources in the northern part of the province( Shuozhou City and Datong City) and the lowest in the water sources in the central part of the province(Jinzhong City), whereas the mean concentration of Ba was higher in the water sources in Jinzhong City, and As was basically the same for all the 17 water sources in the province. The average concentration of heavy metals in the province from 2018 to 2022, the annual average concentrations of heavy metals changed in a small range(18.64%-74.23%). The HPI index(mean value 2.14) showed that heayy metals i the province were at a very low pollution level( HP1<15). The results of Pearson correlation analyses showed a strong positive correlation between As and Ba, and between Mo and Pb, Co, B, Ni. and V（p<0.01, and 0.27-0.63), indicating that they have common or similar sources, PCA results showed that human activities such as industry, agriculture and transport were the main sources of heavy metals(28.5 %), followed by geological background(11.7%) and mineral extraction activities(11.4%), The results of the health risk evaluation of oral intake showed that there was no non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk of heavy metals, but the 95% quantile showed that As had some carcinogenic risk for children(1.09X 10-4). Meanwhile, As, Co, Mo, Sb and V had low level carcinogenic risks for adults(0.02%-0.25%）and children(0.51%-5.60%) under extreme conditions, which need to be focused on As, Mo, Sb, V and Co.

作者:

王璐，李超，昌盛，涂响，王山军，戴波阳，杨育博

Wang Lu，Li Chao，Chang Sheng，Tu Xiang，Wang Shanjun，Dai Boyang，Yang Yubo

机构地区：

太原理工大学环境与生态学院；中国环境科学研究院生态环境部饮用水水源地保护重点实验室

引用本文：

王璐，李超，昌盛等。黄河中游某省地表饮用水水源地重金属时空分布特征与健康风险评估[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2025,53(5):70-80.(Wang Lu,Li Chao,Chang Sheng,et al.Characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metals and health risk assessment of surface drinking water sources in a province in the middle reaches of the Yellow River [J].Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)2025.53(5):70-80,DO1：10,16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2024.11.08.0001.)

基金：

国家重点研发计划项目

关键词：

饮用水水源地；重金属；时空分布；Pearson相关性分析；健康风险评估

drinking water sources; heavy metals; spatial and temporal distribution; Pearson correlation analysis; health risk assessment

分类号：

X8

黄河中游某省地表饮用水水源地重金属时空分布特征与健康风险评估.pdf