从太阳磁活动到太阳爆发
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摘要：
太阳是太阳系唯一的恒星，它是空间天气的源,其在各种尺度的活动影响着整个日球层的等离子体和磁场环境。磁场是太阳活动的重要因素，太阳的磁场活动在长时标上导致太阳活动周，在短时标上导致耀斑、日冕物质抛射等太阳爆发现象。从太阳活动周入手,介绍了太阳磁场的产生机制、耀斑和日冕物质抛射的主流模型，即磁场重联及其相关模型和磁绳不稳定性模型。研究太阳爆发不仅深化了对太阳的认识，也为比较不同恒星活动提供了参考和基准，还为理解不同尺度天体磁流体现象提供了参考，并为未来空间天气预警和工程防护措施奠定了基础。
The Solar, as the only stellar in the solar system, is the source of space weather, and its activity affects the plasma and magnetic field environment throughout the heliosphere on various temporal and spatial scales. The magnetic field is a key factor in solar activity. The solar magnetic activity leads to the solar cycle on long time scales, and leads to solar eruption phenomena such as flares and coronal mass ejections on short time scales. In this paper, the mechanism of solar magnetic field generation and solar cycle is introduced. Subsequently, the dominant models for flares and coronal mass ejections, i. e., the magnetic field reconnection and the magnetic flux rope instability model, are introduced. The study of solar eruptions not only deepens the understanding of the Sun,but also provides a reference and benchmark for comparing study of other stellar activibut also for understanding other astrophysical magnetohydrodynamic phenomena at dillerent scales meanwhile, and ays the groundwork for future space weather forecast and engineering protection as well.
作者:
苏威，余聪
Su Wei,Yu Cong
机构地区：
中山大学物理与天文学院；中国空间站工程巡天望远镜粤港澳大湾区科学中心
引用本文：
苏威，余聪。从太阳磁活动到太阳爆发[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2025,53(6):145-152.(Su wei,Yu Cong.From solar magnetic activity to solar eruptions[J].Journal of Henan Normal University( Natural Science Edition),2025,53(6):145-152.DOI:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2025.01.04.0001.)
基金：
国家自然科学基金；国家重点研发计划
关键词：
太阳磁活动；太阳活动周；太阳爆发；日球层等离子体
solar magnetic activity; solar cycle; solar eruption; heliosphere plasma
分类号：
P182；P353
