丹江口水库浮游植物功能群季节演替特征及水生态健康评价

摘要：

丹江口水库是南水北调中线工程重要的水源地，为了解其浮游植物功能群的季节演替特征及其生态健康状况，于2021年对丹江口水库2个库区的浮游植物和环境因子进行季度调查研究，并利用2种指数综合评价水质状况,结果显示该区域共检测出浮游植物7门35科69属114种(变种),总丰度变化范围为1.40X10⁶~183.33X10⁶L^-1,平均丰度为1.53X10⁷L^-1,夏季浮游植物丰度明显高于其他季节,且各季节优势门类明显不同.全年优势种有5种，分别是小环藻、细小平裂藻、细小隐球藻、微囊藻和尖尾蓝隐藻，各季节优势种不同，共有优势种2种:小环藻和尖尾蓝隐藻.共划分出27个功能类群，其中优势功能群11个,功能群C、X2是各季节共有优势功能群，浮游植物功能群季节演替明显:C/X2(冬季)→X2/P/C(春李)→K/L。/M(夏季)→X2/M/C(秋季)。通过综合营养状态指数(TSI_m)和Q指数对丹江口水库的水质进行评价,整体为中营养状态，处于好”的级别，由高到低为:春季、冬季、夏季、秋季,丹库好于汉库.冗余分析(RDA)分析表明不同季节环境因子对浮游植物功能群的影响不同，整体关键驱动环境因子有水温、电导率、亚硝酸盐、溶解氧，其中水温、溶解氧是冬季和秋季的主要驱动因子，电导率是夏季的主要驱动因子，亚硝酸盐在冬季、春季和夏季对浮游植物功能群影响均较大。

As a key water source for the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, it is essential to understand the seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups and the ecological health status of the Danjiangkou Reservoir. A quarterly sampling survey was conducted in 2021 on phytoplankton and environmental factors in two reservoir areas of Danjiangkou Reservoir. Two indices were used to comprehensively evaluate the water quality status. The results showed that 114 species(varieties) of phytoplankton in 7 phylums, 35 families and 69 genera were detected in the area, with the total abundance varying from 1.40X106 to 183.33 X10⁶ L^-1, and the average abundance was 1.53 X 10⁷L^-1. The abundance of phyto-plankton in summer was signilicanty higher than that in other seasons, and the dominant phyla in each season were obviously different, There were five dominant species throughout the year, namely Cyclotella sp., Merismopedia tenissima, Microcystis sp., Aphanocapsa elachista and Chroomonas acuta, the dominant species differed from season to season, and there were two common dominant species: Microcystis sp. and Chroomonas acuta. A total of 27 functional groups were classified, inclurding 11 dominant functional groups. C and X2 were the common dominant functional groups in each season, and the seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups was obvious: C/X2(winter)→X2/P/C(spring)→K/Lo/M(summer)→X2/M/C(autumn). The water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir, evaluated by the integrated trophic state index(TSI_m) and Q in dex, was overall mesotrophic state and in the good level. The ranking by season(best to worst) was: spring, winter, summer，autumn. The Danku section quality was superior to the Hanku section. RDA analysis showed that the effects of environmental factors on the phytoplankton functional groups were different in different seasons, and the overall key drivers were water temperature, conductivity, nitrite and dissolved oxygen, of which water temperature and dissolved oxygen were the main drivers in winter and autumn， conductivity was the main driver in summer, and nitrite had a greater impact on phytoplankton functional groups in winter, spring and summer.

作者: 

张俊芳，黄玄敏，倪雪峰，陈威，周连凤，彭晓然，马沛明

Zhou Lianfeng，Peng Xiaoran，Ma Peiming，Zhang Junfang，Huang Xuanmin，Ni Xuefeng， Chen Wei

机构地区：

水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室；长江水利委员会流域河湖生态系统修复关键技术创新团队；南水北调中线水源有限责任公司

引用本文：

张俊芳，黄玄敏，倪雪峰等。丹江口水库浮游植物功能群季节演替特征及水生态健康评价[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2026,54(2):79-87.(Zhang Junfang. Huang Xuanmin, Ni Xuefeng, et al. Seasonal succession characteristics of phytoplankton functional groups and water ecological health assessment in Danjiangkou Reservoir [J].Journal of Henan Normal University (Natural Science Edition).2026. 54(2):79-87. DOI:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2024.10.26.0001.)

基金：

国家自然科学基金；湖北省重点研发项目；南水北调中线水源有限公司科研专项

关键词：

浮游植物；功能群；季节演替；生态健康评价；丹江口水库

phytoplankton; functional groups; seasonal succession; ecological health assessment; Danjiangkou Reservoir

分类号：

Q948.8

丹江口水库浮游植物功能群季节演替特征及水生态健康评价.pdf