不同粒径生活垃圾焚烧炉渣重金属浸出差异性分析

摘要：

为实现城市生活垃圾焚烧炉渣的分粒径安全利用，对各粒径生活垃圾焚烧炉渣进行元素总量分析，并对重金属浸出特性展开探究，采用改进BCR(连续化学提取)法对重金属的赋存形态进行分析，用RAC(风险评估代码)和STI(重金属综合毒性指数)评估其环境风险,结果表明，炉渣富含Ca、Si、A1等元素,证明其具有一定的建材利用潜力；浸出分析表明炉渣研磨前后浸出液重金属含量都符合国家标准;分粒径浸出研究表明0~<0.30mm粒径炉渣中的重金属含量高于其他粒径炉渣,综合炉渣质量分布后.0.30~<1.18mm区间炉渣重金属绝对质量占比最高.改进BCR法分析表明炉渣中Cr元素易在弱酸性环境中浸出，其他重金属元素在弱酸性环境中稳定性较高.RAC指数表明，Cr和Mn是环境风险的主要贡献元素，STI指数表明0~<0.15mm粒径区间是炉渣环境风险的主要贡献区间，而Zn和Cu的贡献值较大.在实际应用中需要多维度评估炉渣的环境风险，为炉渣资源化应用风险分析提供参考。

To achieve the safe utilization of urban municipal solid waste incineration slag by particle size, this study conducted a total element analysis on the incineration slag of various particle sizes and explored the leaching characteristics of heavy metals. The improved BCR(the community bureau of reference extraction) method was used to analyze the existing forms of heavy metals, and the RAC(risk assessment code) and STI (soil toxicity index) indices were employed to assess their environmental risks. The results showed that the slag is rich in clements such as Ca, Si, and Al, indicating its potential for use in building materials. Leaching analysis demonstrated that the heavy metal content in the leachate before and after grinding of the slag all met national standards. Particle size leaching studies revealed that the heavy metal content in slag with a particle size of<0.30 mm is higher than that of other particle sizes. After integrating the distribution of slag quality, the absolute mass proportion of heavy metals in the 0.30-<1.18 mm range was found to be the highest. The improved BCR method indicated that the Cr element in the slag is easily leached in a weakly acidic environment, while other heavy metal elements remain relatively stable in such conditions. The RAC index shows that Cr and Mn are the main contributing elements to environmenta risk, while the STl index indicates that the O-<0.15 mm particle size range is the primary contributor to the environmental risk of the slag, with Zn and Cu having significant contributions. In practical applications, a muli dimensional assessment of the environmental risks of slag is required. This study can provide a reference for the risk analysis of slag resource utilization.

作者: 

李祖锴，刘思源，孙建亭，刘凡，姚昆，张意，钱佳，杨列

Li Zukai，Liu Siyuan，Sun Jianting，Liu Fan，Yao Kun，Zhang Yi，Qian Jia，Yang Lie

机构地区：

武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院；武汉环投千子山环境产业有限公司

引用本文：

李祖错，刘思源，孙建亭等。不同粒径生活垃圾焚烧炉渣重金属浸出差异性分析一以武汉市千子山垃圾焚烧厂为例[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2026,54(2):71-78.(Li Zukai.Liu Siyuan.Sun Jianting.et al.Analysis of heavy metal leaching differences in municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash with different particle sizes:A case study of Wuhan Qianzishan waste incineration plant[J].Journal of Henan Normal University (NaturalScience Edition),2026.54(2):71-78.DO1:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2025.03.31.0001.)

基金：

湖北省自然科学基金项目

关键词：

炉渣；重金属；分粒径；浸出特性；环境风险评估

incineration slag; heavy metals; particle size; leaching characteristics; environmental risk assessment

分类号：

X705

不同粒径生活垃圾焚烧炉渣重金属浸出差异性分析.pdf