豫西不同地质条件下有色冶炼企业土壤污染差异性研究

摘要：

对豫西矿区相似有色冶炼企业同步开展土壤污染调查及风险评价，分析重金属因子、地质、毒理及人体健康等不同方向的风险差异，从地貌、高差及土体性状等地质因素角度归纳重金属对土壤的污染规律,选取10种重金属，采用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合指数法、地累积指数法、潜在生态危害指数法及人体健康风险模型，分析不同地质条件下的土壤污染情况。结果显示，对于典型氧化锌类似企业，粉砂土质地块单因子污染强度为P_Cd>P_Zn>P_Pb>P_Cu>P_Hg>P_Sb>P_As>P_Co>P_Ni>P_v.黏土质地块为P_Zn>P_Cu>P_Cd>P_Pb>P_Sb>P_As>P_Ni>P_Co>P_Hg>P_v;粉砂土质地块重金属综合污染水平为黏土质地块的2.85~9.40倍，重金属地累积污染水平的1.58~1.99倍,生产车间处地累积污染对地质条件最为敏感;粉砂土质中Cd、Pb、Hg危害程度常明显高于黏土质地块;对人体健康危害较大的重金属为As、Pb、Co,Pb对地质条件较敏感。研究表明，地貌单元平缓、地块高差小、粉质砂质等孔隙比较大的土体地质条件下，整体土壤环境呈现出污染相对更强、风险更高的特征。

The soil pollution investigation and risk assessment of similar non-ferrous smelting enterprises in western Henan mining area were carried out simultancously. The risk differences of heavy metal factors, geology, toxicology and human health in different directions were analyzed. The soil pollution law was summarized from the perspective of geological factors such as landform, elevation difference and soil properties. In the process, 10 heavy metals were selected, and the single factor index method, Nemero comprehensive index method, geo-accumulation index method, potential ecological hazard index method and human health risk model were used to summarize the soil pollution law under diferent geological conditions, The results show that the single factor pollution intensity of the typical zinc oxide enterprises is P_Cd>P_Zn>P_Pb>P_Cu>P_Hg>P_Sb>P_As>P_Co>P_Ni>P_v ,and the cday texture is P_Zn>P_Cu>P_Cd>P_Pb>P_Sb>P_As>P_Ni>P_Co>P_Hg>P_v;the comprehensive pollution level of heavy metals in silty and sandy soil was 2.85-9.40 times that of clay soil, and the accumulation pollution of heavy metals was 1.58-1.99 times. The accumulation pollution of production workshop was the most sensitive to geological conditions. The damage degree of Cd. Pb and Hg in silty and sandy soil is often significanly higher than that in clay soil. The heavy metals that are more harmful to human health are As, Pb and Co, and Pb is more sensitive to geological conditions. The research shows that the overall soil environment is characterized by relatively stronger pollution and higher risk under the gcological conditions such as gentle geomorphic units, small elevation difference, and large pores like silty sand.

作者：

马栋栋，朱永泰，张冰

Ma Dongdong,Zhu Yongtai,Zhang Bing

机构地区：

河南省地质局矿产资源勘查中心；河南省天空地遥感智能监测工程技术研究中心；河南省自然资源科技创新中心(地球物理深部探测研究)；郑州大学化工学院

引用本文：

马栋栋，朱永泰，张冰。豫西不同地质条件下有色冶炼企业土壤污染差异性研究[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学),2026.54(4):132-140.(Ma Dongdong.Zhu Yongtai.Zhang Bing.Study on the difference of soil pollution in non-ferrous smelting enterprises under different geological conditions in western Henan[J].Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition) ,2026,54(4):132-140.DOI:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2025.01.22.0003.)

基金：

国家重点研发计划

关键词：

有色金属冶炼；氧化锌；土壤；重金属污染；地质条件

non-ferrous metal smelting; zinc oxide; soil; heavy metal pollution; geological conditions

分类号：

X53

豫西不同地质条件下有色冶炼企业土壤污染差异性研究.pdf