Effects of different fertilization methods on soil organic nitrogen mineralization and wheat yield
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摘要：
为研究不同施肥方式对豫北农田壤质潮土有机氮矿化特征和小麦产量的影响，选取河南省获嘉县进行大田试验,并采用室内试验相结合的方法，研究不施肥(CK),单施化肥(NF),减氮20%十80%有机肥(NOF),单施有机肥(OF)处理下土壤养分和小麦产量的变化及其影响因素。结果表明:施肥能显著影响土壤铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量和小麦产量,与CK相比，NF、NOF和OF分别提高了铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量和小麦产量7.73%、16.35%和8.65%,40.06%、53.21%和45.83%,19.51%、26.83%和15.95%.不同施肥处理均能显著增加土壤有机氮累积矿化氮量(Nt)、矿化速率常数(Kn)和有机氮潜在矿化势(N。),与NF、OF处理相比,NOF处理效果最优。分析表明，土壤有机氮潜在矿化势及矿化率主要和土壤全氮、硝态氮存在显著正相关关系。NOF处理能最大程度推进土壤氮素矿化进程，增加土壤无机氮含量，提高土壤供氮能力，对农田土壤氮素高效利用和小麦产量提升有着重要的作用。
To study the effects of different fertilization methods on soil organic nitrogen mineralization characteristics and wheat yield in northemn Henan, a field experiment was conducted in Huojia County, Henan Province. The method combined with laboratory experiment was adopted, the changes of soil nutrients and wheat yield were studied under no fertilization(CK).single application of chemical fertilizer(NF). nitrogen reduction of 20%＋80% organic fertilizer (NOF) and single application of organic fertilizer(OF). The results showed that fertilization could significantly affect soil ammonium nitrogen content, nitrate nitrogen content and wheat yield, Compared wih CK, NF, NOF and OF increased ammonium nitrogen content, nitrate nitrogen content and wheat yield by 7.73%, 16.35% and 8.65%; 40.06%, 53.21% and 45.83%; 19.51%, 26.83% and15.95%, respectively. Different fertilization treatments could significantly increase soil organic nitrogen accumulation minerali-zation nitrogen(Nt), mineralization rate constant(Kn) and organic nitrogen potential mineralization potential(No). Compared with NF and OF treatments, NOF treatment had the best effect. Correlation analysis showed that the potential mineralization potential and mineralization rate of soil organic nitrogen were significantly positivdly correlated with soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Therefore, NOF treatment can promote the mineralization process of soil nitrogen to the maximum extent, increase the inorganic nitrogen content of soil, improve the nitrogen supply capacity of soil, and play an important role in the efficient use of soil nitrogen in farmland and the improvement of wheat yield.
作者:
刘东华，晁晓燕，马建辉，陈慧平，贺云霞，李春喜
Liu Donghua,Chao Xiaoyan,Ma Jianhui,Chen Huiping,He Yunxia,Li Chunxi
机构地区：
河南师范大学生命科学学院
引用本文：
刘东华，晁晓燕，马建辉等。不同施肥方式对土壤有机氮矿化和小麦产量的影响[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学报).2026.54(2): 95-101. (Liu Donghua, Chao Xiaoyan, Ma Jianhui. et al. Effects of different fertilization methods on soil organic nitrogen mineralization and wheat yield[J].Journal of Henan Normal University (Natural Science Edition) ,2026.54(2):95-101.DOI:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2024.04.24.0003.)
基金：
国家重点研发计划项目
关键词：
施肥方式；有机氮矿化；氮素累积量；小麦产量
fertilization method; organic nitrogen mineralization; nitrogen accumulation; wheat yield
分类号：
S158.3
