Seasonal dynamics and evolutionary characteristics of generalist andspecialist bacteria in a subtropical reservoir

摘要：

水库作为重要的饮用水源地，其水生态系统的健康至关重要.以福建省某水源水库为研究对象，分析了水库拉氏尖头藻(Raphidiopsis raciborski)水华季节演替过程中浮游细菌广布种和狭布种多样性、群落构建和进化特征.结果表明，尖头藻水华在水库中具有明显的季节性变化，细胞密度从春季逐步上升，夏季达到峰值(3.5X10⁸L^-1,占浮游植物总量的90%以上),秋季仍维持高丰度，直至冬季逐渐消退.基于16SrRNA基因的高通量测序，检测到水库中浮游细菌的主要类群为放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota).不同季节中，夏季细菌群落的物种丰富度最高,而冬季则表现出最高的Shannon多样性，随机森林结果表明尖头藻丰度显著影响了水库广布种和狭布种细菌群落的。及β多样性.广布种在各季节中均占据优势，其群落构建受到确定性过程的主导，水温和营养盐显著影响细菌群落的季节动态.广布种表现出较高的扩散能力和环境适应性，尤其在夏秋季节达到最高多样性.而狭布种主要局限于特定季节，尤其在冬季和夏季丰富度较高，表现出较强的季节演替现象.广布种细菌的物种分化率较高，灭绝率较低，具有较强的生态扩展潜力.狭布种则表现出较高的物种灭绝率，但具有向广布种转化的潜力，尤其在春夏季节物种多样性潜力显著提升.

As a critical drinking water source, the health of reservoir ecosystems is of paramount importance. This study focuses on a subtropical reservoir in Fujian Province, analyzing the diversity, community assembly, and evolutionary character-istics of generalist and specialist planktonic bacteria during the seasonal succesion of Raphidiopsis raciborskii blooms. The results revealed a clear seasonal pattern in R. raciborski blooms, with cell density increasing from spring, peaking in summer(3.5X10⁸L^-1, accounting for over 90% of total phytoplankton biomas). and remaining high in autumn before gradually de-clining in winter. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene identified Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Verru-comicrobiota as the dominant bacterial phyla. Bacterial species richness was highest in summer, while Shannon diversity peaked in winter. Generalist species dominated across all seasons, with their community assembly driven by determninistie processes.significantly influenced by temperature and nutrient levels. These species exhibited high dispersal capacity and environmental adaptability, with peak diversity in summer and autumn. In contrast, specialist species were restricted to specific seasons.showing higher abundance in winter and summer and displayed pronounced seasonal succesion, Generalist species had higher speciation rates and lower extinction rates, indicating strong ecological expansion potential. Specialist species exhibited higher extinction rates but showed potential to transition into widespread species, particularly in spring and summer when their diver-sity potential increased.

作者：

肖鹏，蒋乐怡，陈泓，傅昶宁，代瑞芬，陈伟丽，江成劼，刘小立，朱永青，项旭志，李仁辉

Xiao Peng, Jiang Leyi, Chen Hong, Fu Changning, Dai Ruifen, Chen Weili, Jiang Chengjie, Liu Xiaoli, Zhu Yongqing, Xiang Xuzhi, Li Renhui

机构地区：

温州大学生命与环境科学学院；福建省莆田环境监测中心站；莆田市生态环境局；上海市环境科学研究院；温州公用事业发展集团乐清水务有限公司

引用本文：

肖鹏，蒋乐怡，陈泓等，亚热带水库浮游细菌广布种与狭布种季节动态与进化特征[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2026,54(4):32-40.(Xiao Peng.Jiang Leyi,Chen Hong,et al.Seasonal dynamics and evolutionary characteristics of generalist and specialist bacteria in a subtropical reservoir[J].Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2026,54(4):32-40.DOI:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2024.12.05.0001.)

基金：

浙江省自然科学基金；国家自然科学基金；福建省环保科技计划项目；上海市生态环境局科学项目

关键词：

尖头藻;浮游细菌;广布种;狭布种;群落构建

Raphidiopsis raciborskii; bacterioplankton; generalist; specialist; community assembly

分类号：

X826

亚热带水库浮游细菌广布种与狭布种季节动态与进化特征.pdf