A Janus photothermal evaporator based on coffee grounds biochar for highly efficient and salt-resistant solar-driven water purification

摘要：

以废弃咖啡渣为前驱体，通过热解法制备碳化咖啡渣生物质纳米材料(CG),并将其作为光热材料.采用十八烷基三氯硅烷(OTS)对滴涂CG后的亲水性酚醛泡沫(CG@PF)进行表面疏水改性，构建了一种具有Janus结构的蒸发器.该蒸发器由上层疏水的OTS-CG光热层与下层亲水的酚醛泡沫(PF)供水基底组成，形成具有不对称润湿特性的Janus结构.一系列实验结果表明，当滴涂的CG质量浓度为10mg·mL^-1时,所制备的OTS-10-CG@PF蒸发器性能最佳,在0.5、1.0和2.0kW·m^-2模拟太阳光辐照下蒸发速率分别达到0.87、2.52和3.67kg·m^-2·h^-1.该蒸发器在户外实验中的日平均产水量为1.29 kg·m^-2,在模拟海水中连续14d的户外循环蒸发实验中未出现明显盐结晶，显示出良好的抗盐性能.此外，OTS-10-CG@PF对含重金属离子的废水和含有机染料的废水均表现出较好的净化能力，表明其在废水处理领域具有潜在的应用前景。

In this study, the carbonized coffee grounds biomass nanomaterials (CG) were derived from waste coffee grounds through pyrolysis, then used as a photothermal material, The hydrophilic phenolic foam coated with CG(CG@PF) was further treated with octadecyltrichlorosilane(OTS) to achieve surface hydrophobicity, ultimately creating an evaporator with a Janus structure. This evaporator consists of an upper hydrophobic layer made of OTS-CG photothermal material and a lower hydrophilic phenolic foam(PF) water supply substrate, resuling in an asymmetric wettability configuration. Experimental results indicate that when 10mg·mL^-1 of CG included in the coating, the as prepared OTS-10-CG@PF evaporator exhibits op-tmal performance. Specifically, it achieves evaporation rates of 0.87, 2.52,and3.67kg·m^-2·h^-1 under simulated solar iradiation of 0.5, 1.0,and 2.0 kW·m^-2, respectivdly. In oudoor experiments, this evaporator produced a daily average of 1.29 kg·m^-2 water and demonstrated no stgnilicant salt crystallization over 14 consecutive days of cyclie in simulated seawater, indica-ting good salt-resistant performance, Moreover. OTS 10-CG@PF demonstrated excellent purification capability for wastewater containing heavy metal ions as well as organic dyes, highlighting its potential application in wastewater treatment.

作者：

刘山虎，刘小于，张盼盼，邢方，邢瑞敏

Liu Shanhu, Liu Xiaoyu, Zhang Panpan, Xing Fang, Xing Ruimin

机构地区：

河南大学化学与分子科学学院；河南大学能源科学与技术学院

引用本文：

刘山虎，刘小于,张盼盼等。基于咖啡渣生物质碳的Janus光热蒸发器用于高效抗盐太阳能水净化[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2026,54(3):21-28.(Liu Shanhu, Liu Xiaoyu,Zhang Panpan,et al.A Janus photother-mal evaporator based on coffee grounds biochar for highly efficient and salt-resistant solar-driven water purifica-tion[J].Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition).2026,54(3):21-28.DOI:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2025.09.19.0001.)

基金：

国家自然科学基金；河南省科技攻关项目；水污染控制与绿色资源循环利用国家重点实验室基金；中国石油勘探开发研究院项目

关键词：

光热材料;生物质;Janus结构;界面蒸发;海水淡化

photothermal materials; biomass; Janus structure; interfacial evaporation; desalination

分类号：

P747;X703.1

基于咖啡渣生物质碳的Janus光热蒸发器用于高效抗盐太阳能水净化.pdf